Tempering is always a reasonable comprimize between maintaining the required hardness and obtaining low-stress, tough and ductile microstructure in the metal. Generally speaking, there are two different types of stresses: thermal stresses and stresses due to phase transformation. Thermal stresses are caused by different magnitudes of temperature and temperature gradients. Phase transformation stresses occur due [...]
It has been shown that a comparison of the properties of carbon steel parts processed with both types of tempering regardless of the identical hardness (48HRC) the tempered carbon steel part (0.8% C) subjected to “the high temperature/short time” tempering (30sec at 465ºC) showed three times higher brittle strength compared to a part tempered for [...]
The transformation to martensite through quenching creates a very hard and brittle structure. Un-tempered martensite is typically too brittle for commercial use and retains a large amount of internal residual stresses. Re-heating the steel for tempering after hardening and cooling leads to a decrease or relaxation of these stresses and develops a tempered martensite microstructure. [...]
Dr. Valery Rudnev, FASM “Professor Induction” will be giving a FREE webinar on March 16, 2010 at 2:00 p.m. Induction tempering Vs oven tempering: When the little things mean a lot. Gain insight into the differences between induction tempering and oven tempering and how differences impact your heat treating processing. Dr. Valery I. Rudnev’s presentation [...]