Induction heating is widely used to heat metals prior to hot forming including forging, upsetting, rolling, extrusion, and other methods. Billets are heated either in cut lengths or continuously and are forged in presses, hammers, or upsetters, or are extruded. Steel components by far represent the majority of hot-formed billets, although other materials including titanium, [...]
In stress relieving of oil country tubular-steel goods, the typical temperature-uniformity requirement is ±50 ?F at target temperature levels of 700-1250 ?F depending upon the particular steel grade and application specifics. The uniformity achieved in most induction systems is ±80 ?F, however, when heating a variety of pipe sizes, in some instances heat non-uniformity may [...]
Heat-treat practitioners sometimes observe unusual effects in induction hardening, such as a striping phenomenon and a barber-pole effect that are often considered to a mysterious phenomena. In some applications, striping suddenly occurs and then disappears. Both of these effects may have similar appearance, but their causes are quite different and could be related to a [...]
Magnetic flux concentrators (also called flux intensifiers, diverters, or controllers) are made from high-permeability, low-power-loss materials. They are routinely used in induction heat treating applications in a manner similar to that of magnetic cores in power transformers. This article presents basic information about magnetic flux concentrator materials, its limitations and advantages, and provides design and [...]