Induction surface (case) hardening of hollow shafts has unique features compared with hardening of solid shafts. With solid shafts, the core temperature typically does not rise significantly during heating. The relatively cold core compliments spray quenching by increasing the cooling intensity of shaft surface (cold-sink effect). By comparison, with hollow shafts, the cold-sink effect is [...]
Induction brazing different metals together using the same power supply may results in noticeably different depths of heating and heat intensity experienced by the different brazed components. This is due to the fact that electrical resistivity and magnetic permeability of the material directly affects the penetration depth at a given frequency. In addition, the electromagnetic [...]
The transformation to martensite through quenching creates a very hard and brittle structure. Un-tempered martensite is typically too brittle for commercial use and retains a large amount of internal residual stresses. Re-heating the steel for tempering after hardening and cooling leads to a decrease or relaxation of these stresses and develops a tempered martensite microstructure. [...]
The main considerations when choosing an inductor style are the shape of the part, the desired heat-treat pattern, and the material handling to be used for production (i.e., how the part is moved into the coil or the coil indexes into the part, whether rotation of the part is required, or how is the part [...]
In contrast to inductors used to heat external surfaces or outside diameters, the effectiveness of an internal coil depends to a much greater extent on the coil-to-workpiece gap. Electrical efficiency of internal coils rapidly decreases with an increase in the coil-to-workpiece coupling gap, particularly when heating nonmagnetic metals or carbon steels above Curie temperature. Click [...]
Induction brazing and soldering have several advantages compared with heating the workpieces with flame. Since the joint is heated in a localized area in a short time, the rest of the workpiece will not be significantly affected by temperature. This can be critical for controlling distortion, surface corrosion and oxidation of the component. Other benefits [...]
There are three basic induction approached to heat RCS billets: static, progressive and oscillating heating. The most popular of these is the progressive multi-stage horizontal heating system, in which billets are moved through a single or multi-coil horizontal induction heater. As a result, the billet is sequentially (progressively) heated at predetermined positions inside the induction [...]
The stress relieve operation is an important step in the manufacture of a quality connection of tubes and pipes. Improper heat treatment could result in several undesirable phenomena from total joint failure to a type of bi-metallic corrosion known as “ring-worm corrosion” that occurs in improperly stress relieved or normalized pipes. Click here to learn [...]
Dr. Valery Rudnev, FASM “Professor Induction” will be giving a FREE webinar on March 16, 2010 at 2:00 p.m. Induction tempering Vs oven tempering: When the little things mean a lot. Gain insight into the differences between induction tempering and oven tempering and how differences impact your heat treating processing. Dr. Valery I. Rudnev’s presentation [...]
According to a patented non-rotational crankshaft hardening process, heat patterns are “locked in place” and very repeatable since neither the crankshaft nor the coils are moving. The same pattern is achieved over many cycles.